Lakshmi Tripathi Dropper Sample

About later: in my family nobody asks about the year now. They ask what you do. After a few years it's a small line in the story.

2d ago

Logos are just pictures. Anyone can paste one on a message in a minute. I check whether the same message appears on the hospital's or department's own official website or page. If it's not there, I don't trust the logo.

3d ago

Short post. I read all of it. Thank you. I will try writing one with only three details.

3d ago

It's discussed along with the mutualism/pollination examples as co-evolution, via "sexual deceit" so the male bee tries to mate with the flower and pollinates it. The flower benefits; the bee does not get a reward. If someone asks for an example of **co-evolution** or of sexual deceit, write Ophrys. If it's a strict sign question, then it's not a real +/+ mutualism. Just know it's flagged in the textbook under the chapter on interactions.

4d ago

A small table helps me: | State of cell | $\psi_p$ | $\psi_w$ | |---|---|---| | Fully turgid, in pure water | positive, equals $\lvert\psi_s\rvert$ | 0 | | Flaccid / incipient plasmolysis | 0 | equals $\psi_s$ | | Plasmolysed | 0 | equals $\psi_s$ | Flaccid means no pressure pushing out, so only the solute term is left.

4d ago

Wings: both pairs are on the thorax. **Forewings** (tegmina) arise from the mesothorax, they're opaque, dark and leathery and cover the hindwings when at rest, a protective role. **Hindwings** (on the metathorax) are transparent and membranous, and they're the ones used for flying. So tegmina are cover, hindwings are flight. Legs: one pair on each thoracic segment, prothorax, mesothorax, metathorax, giving three pairs total.

4d ago

When I watch birds, I wait for the light to come to me. For landscapes maybe same: stand there and wait for a cloud to open or the sun to break through. The best view may be after 10 minutes.

5d ago

Dihydroxy benzenes, with locants: catechol = benzene-1,2-diol (ortho), resorcinol = benzene-1,3-diol (meta), hydroquinone (quinol) = benzene-1,4-diol (para). Order C-R-Q matches 2-3-4 positions: Catechol 1,2, Resorcinol 1,3, Quinol 1,4. Cresols are methylphenols: o-cresol = 2-methylphenol, m-cresol = 3-methylphenol, p-cresol = 4-methylphenol. Other names: glycol = ethane-1,2-diol (dihydric), glycerol = propane-1,2,3-triol (trihydric).

5d ago

Now I see: three waves, only ventricles get both the big waves, and the atrial recovery is hidden. Heart attack vs cardiac arrest vs failure also sorted, thank you everyone. Nandri 🙏

5d ago

Farhan, that gives the wrong answer. Rule: when a transition element becomes a cation, the electrons are removed from the **outermost shell (highest n)** first, which is 4s, then from 3d. So Fe ($3d^64s^2$) loses the two 4s electrons to give Fe²⁺ = $3d^6$, and the third comes from 3d giving Fe³⁺ = $3d^5$. Five unpaired electrons, a half-filled d subshell, which is exactly why Fe³⁺ is more stable than Fe²⁺.

5d ago

oh good catch rahul, I'd put "meat" next to habilis in my table too. Fixing now

6d ago

Speed for completeness. In one day the satellite covers a circle of circumference $2\pi r = 2\pi\times4.2\times10^7$ m. Divide by 86400 s: $$v = \frac{2\pi r}{T} \approx 3.1\times10^3\ \text{m s}^{-1}$$ about 3 km/s, much slower than a low orbit satellite (about 8 km/s). The farther you go, the slower you orbit. NCERT also notes that the geostationary satellite turns west to east with the same angular speed as Earth's rotation, which is why it looks stationary from the ground.

6d ago

Short exam version: Moderator = D2O (slows neutrons, low capture). Control = Cd or B rods (absorb neutrons). Fuel = H2 in fuel cells (pollution free, product is water, high energy per mass, but storage is difficult).

6d ago

Reading this at 7 am before my own long day. Taking my Sunday off. Thanks.

6d ago

Disorders in one line each: - **Uremia**: too much urea in the blood, can lead to kidney failure. - **Haemodialysis**: blood is drawn from an artery, heparin is added, it passes through a cellophane tube bathed in dialysing fluid (same as plasma but without nitrogenous waste), then returned to a vein after anti-heparin. - **Kidney transplant**: best long-term option, donor usually a close relative to reduce rejection. - **Renal calculi**: stones of crystallised salts like oxalates in the kidney. - **Glomerulonephritis**: inflammation of the glomeruli.

6d ago

This was honest and useful. The step where you say the paragraph aloud is the one that works for me too. I get stuck when the words in my head are not mine.

8d ago

Reaction: $2CHCl_3 + O_2 \rightarrow 2COCl_2 + 2HCl$. Phosgene is highly poisonous. Light speeds up the oxidation, so the bottle is dark brown, and the bottle is filled to the top so that there is no air space to supply oxygen. About ethanol: about 1% is added as a stabiliser. If any phosgene does form, it reacts with the alcohol to give ethyl carbonate, which is not poisonous: $COCl_2 + 2C_2H_5OH \rightarrow (C_2H_5O)_2CO + 2HCl$. So there are two lines of defence, keep oxygen out and neutralise any phosgene that forms. And yes, the balanced equation is worth writing.

9d ago

I stay at home so my cost is nothing like this, but I started writing down my small spending after reading this. Almost ₹700 on tea and snacks in one month. Not scary but I did not know.

9d ago

Vivek, not exactly. Clean rain isn't pH 7, because atmospheric CO2 dissolves in it and forms carbonic acid, which lowers the pH to about 5.6. So pH 5.6 is "normal" for unpolluted rain. Acid rain means something *beyond* CO2: extra acids from the oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, $SO_2 \rightarrow SO_3 \rightarrow H_2SO_4$ and $NO_2 \rightarrow HNO_3$. That's why the definition is "below 5.6".

9d ago

The cheap alarm clock for 250 rupees is a brilliant detail. I did the same. It makes a noise like a cooker whistle. Seri, it works.

9d ago

okay, I had mixed it up. thank you zoya, injecting directly into the ovum is clear now

10d ago

ICSI: I think the sperm is injected into the uterus directly so that it doesn't have to swim, and it's used when the sperm count is low? And AI is when the egg is put into the husband...

10d ago

I only use binoculars for birds (8x42), I never thought of pointing them upward. Tried it last night from our terrace. Three tiny dots in a row next to a very bright thing that was not a star. I stood there ten minutes and didn't say anything to anyone. Thank you for this. One problem though, my arms were shaking after a minute, is there a trick?

10d ago

Your table is right. Effects: **heroin** is a **depressant**, it slows down body functions. Heroin is chemically **diacetylmorphine**, a white, odourless, bitter crystalline compound, made by acetylation of morphine, which itself is extracted from the latex of the poppy plant. So not the same, but derived from it. **Cocaine** is a **stimulant** of the CNS (euphoria, increased energy), and too much can cause hallucinations. **Cannabinoids** affect the cardiovascular system, and they're abused for their effect on the brain.

10d ago

I'm quiet too. For me, it was the same seat every day. After a week the person next to me started saying "hi" first. No effort, just repeated presence. Not everyone needs an opener.

11d ago

For scale, NCERT works it out for air at room conditions and gets roughly $10^{-7}$ m. A molecule's diameter is about $2\times10^{-10}$ m, so the mean free path is several hundred times the molecular diameter. So in the gas, molecules are far apart compared to their size. In a good vacuum it grows to metres. I liked that comparison.

12d ago

thank you nisha, the "lone pairs trans to each other" is the part I was missing. And rahul bhaiya, saving that table.

13d ago

I am very quiet in my own space, so I felt seen. Thank you for writing this.

15d ago

One detail: you wrote protons build up in the lumen from photolysis and the plastoquinone proton transfer. There is also the NADP reductase step that uses protons on the stroma side to make NADPH, which further helps the gradient. A small thing but it shows up in higher level questions.

15d ago

I-beam: the top and bottom flanges carry most of the compression and tension, and a thin vertical web joins them. The centre doesn't do much work, so you remove it and save a large amount of material and weight, without losing much resistance to bending. That is why the shape of an I. Hollow shaft: NCERT says that for the same mass, a hollow cylinder is more rigid and stronger against twisting (torsion) than a solid one, because the material is placed away from the axis. And a hollow tube is also lighter for the same strength, so it's used in machine shafts.

15d ago